KILIMANJARO NATIONAL PARK
Kilimanjaro National Park
Explore the breathtaking Mount Kilimanjaro National Park, home to Africa’s highest peak. The highest mountain in Africa is a snow-capped volcano, and it is the world’s tallest free-standing volcano. It consists of two dormant volcanoes—Kibo, at 5,895 meters above sea level, and Mawenzi, at 5,149 meters above sea level—and one extinct volcano, Shira, at 3,962 meters above sea level. The origin of the name is unclear, but it is thought to combine the Swahili word “Kilima,” meaning “Mountain,” with the KiChagga word “Njaro,” which loosely translates to “Whiteness.” This gives the name “White Mountain.” Its area covers 1,712 square kilometers. It was designated a National Park in 1973, officially opened for tourism in 1977, and recognized as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1987. In 2013, it was named a Natural Wonder of Africa. Climbing to the top, which reaches far into the sky, is a life-changing experience that no one can forget.
Attractions found in Kilimanjaro National Park
Three Peaks
Mount Kilimanjaro has three main volcanic peaks, which are
Kibo Peak
This is the highest peak at 5,895 meters (19,341 feet) and is often the destination for climbers aiming to reach the summit, known as Uhuru Peak.
Mawenzi Peak
The second highest peak, Mawenzi stands at about 5,149 meters (16,893 feet). It’s known for its rugged terrain and challenging climbs.
Shira Peak
The lowest of the three peaks, Shira has an elevation of approximately 3,962 meters (13,000). It features a plateau and is less commonly climbed compared to Kibo and Mawenzi.
Montane Forest
A wide band of exceptionally beautiful montane forest surrounds Kilimanjaro from about 1800 to 2800 meters. The forest zone is worth a visit, even if you are not climbing to the peaks. The Marangu nature trails in particular take you through this forest belt, which supports several plant species, including endemic plants like Impatiens kilimanjari.
Lauwo Waterfalls
Lauwo Waterfall, located along the Marangu route 2.8 km, offers a spectacular experience as you walk through the dense montane forest.
Maundi Crater
Just a short 15-minute stroll beyond the Mandara huts along the Marangu route, you’ll discover a breathtaking crater that offers a stunning panoramic view of Lakes Chala, Jipe, and Nyumba ya Mungu. Each of these beautiful lakes draws its waters from the majestic Kilimanjaro, creating a picturesque scene you won’t want to miss.
Birds and Animals
The park is home to 140 species of mammals: 7 primates, 25 carnivores, 25 antelope species, 24 species of bats, and 179 bird species.
Activities on Kilimanjaro
The park offers a variety of activities for visitors to enjoy during their stay. These activities include:
– Mountain Climbing to the Summit
– Paragliding
– Nature Walking Safaris (which feature both Short Walking Safaris and Long Walking Safaris)
– Mawenzi Technical Climbing
– Picnicking
– Filming
– Non-Summit Bound Climbing
– Crater Camping
– Mountain Cycling
Mountain Climbing
Reaching the summit of Uhuru Peak typically takes between 5 to 8 days, depending on the chosen route. The longer the trek, the greater the chance of successfully reaching the summit. There are six different trails that lead climbers to the highest point in Africa, with each route presenting its own unique attractions and challenges.
Mountain Cycling
Tourists can cycle within the park on two distinct routes: one for summit-bound visitors (Kilema route) and another for non-summit visitors (Shira plateau). These routes feature picnic areas and resting points.
Filming
Kilimanjaro, the highest freestanding mountain in the world, attracts not only climbers but also professional filmmakers. The famous film “The Snows of Kilimanjaro” (1952), based on a work by Ernest Hemingway, won two Oscars at the 25th Academy Awards and was filmed in this park.
Accommodation on Mount Kilimanjaro
Accommodation on Mount Kilimanjaro mainly consists of tents, as most climbers undertake multi-day treks to reach the summit. Only climbers on the Marangu route use mountain huts.
1. Camping Tents
Most trekkers stay in comfortable camping tents set up by their team. These tents are typically spacious enough for two people, and each climber often has their own tent. The tours usually provide sleeping pads and sleeping bags, though it’s advised to bring your own for added comfort.
2. Mountain Huts
For mountain climbers using the Marangu route, the park provides accommodation at three mountain huts: Mandara, Horombo, and Kibo. Mandara has 118 beds, Horombo has 238 beds, and Kibo has 90 beds.
Kilimanjaro Climbing Routes
Mount Kilimanjaro has several popular climbing routes, each offering different experiences and challenges.
Here are the main routes:
1. Marangu Route
Known as the “Coca-Cola” route, it is the most popular and one of the easiest. It offers hut accommodations and is a good choice for beginners. However, it has a shorter trek time, which makes acclimatization more difficult.
2. Machame Route
Often referred to as the “Whiskey” route, this is a more challenging route that offers stunning views and varied scenery. It typically takes about 6 to 7 days to reach the summit, which allows for better acclimatization.
3. Lemosho Route
This route is less crowded and provides beautiful scenery through diverse landscapes. It usually takes 7 to 8 days, making it a great choice for acclimatization and hiking experience.
4. Rongai Route
Approaching from the north, this route is one of the least traveled. It offers a unique perspective with a different ecosystem and is best for those wanting a quieter experience. It usually takes about 6 to 7 days.
5. Northern Circuit
The longest route, taking about 9 days, it offers a complete circuit around the mountain. This route provides excellent acclimatization, scenic views, and fewer crowds.
6. Umbwe Route
This is one of the most difficult routes primarily suited for experienced climbers. It is steep and has a shorter acclimatization period, making it less recommended for beginners.